Array

An array in C is a collection of variables of the same data type that are stored in contiguous memory locations and can be accessed using a single identifier. Arrays are useful for storing and manipulating large amounts of data, as they allow you to access and manipulate multiple values using a single loop or function.

Here is an example of declaring and initializing an array in C:

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
   int a[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
   return 0;
}

In this example, we have declared an array a of 5 integers and initialized it with the values 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. The array has a fixed size of 5, and the values are stored in contiguous memory locations.

You can access individual elements of the array using the index operator []. The index of an array element starts at 0 and goes up to the size of the array minus 1. For example:

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
   int a[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
   printf("a[0] = %d\n", a[0]);  // prints 1
   printf("a[1] = %d\n", a[1]);  // prints 2
   printf("a[2] = %d\n", a[2]);  // prints 3
   printf("a[3] = %d\n", a[3]);  // prints 4
   printf("a[4] = %d\n", a[4]);  // prints 5
   return 0;
}

In this example, we have accessed each element of the array a and printed its value to the console.

You can also use a loop to iterate over the elements of an array. For example:

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
   int a[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
   for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
       printf("a[%d] = %d\n", i, a[i]);
   }
   return 0;
}